There are other antigens on red blood cells that can lead to transfusion reactions. An Rh-positive blood transfusion can cause a person with Rh-negative blood to make antibodies against the Rh antigen. So, you should only get Rh-negative red blood cells except in emergencies. If you have Rh-negative blood, you don’t have the Rh antigen on your red blood cells.So, you can get Rh-positive or Rh-negative red blood cell transfusions. Your body doesn’t make anti-Rh antibodies. If you have Rh-positive blood, you have the Rh antigen on your blood cells.Rh factor is another protein that some people have on their red blood cells. In addition to matching ABO types, blood also needs to be matched by Rh (rhesus) factor. This is why people with type O blood are sometimes called universal donors. But since type O has no antigens, anyone of any blood type can receive type O blood. So, people with type O blood can only get type O blood because their anti-A and anti-B antibodies would attack any donor blood with A or B antigens. If you have type O blood with no A or B antigens, you make both anti-A and anti-B antibodies. These people are sometimes called universal receivers. That is why people with type AB blood can receive transfusions from any blood type. If you have type AB blood with A and B antigens, you don’t make anti-A or anti-B antibodies.So, you can’t get type A or AB blood, because your anti-A antibodies would attack any donor blood with A antigens. If you have type B blood with B-antigens, you also make anti-A antibodies.So, you can’t get type B or AB blood, because your anti-B antibodies would attack any donor blood with B-antigens. If you have type A blood with A-antigens, you also make anti-B antibodies.Antibodies are proteins in your immune system that watch for and attack foreign substances. Whatever antigen you have on your blood cell is linked with the antibodies in your plasma. In the United States, the most common blood type is O, followed by type A. The A and B antigens decide a person’s ABO blood type (either A, B, AB, or O). Your ABO antigen + Rh factor = blood type. Everyone is either Rh-positive or Rh-negative (you either have Rh or you don’t). This means that their blood cells have either antigen A (type A), antigen B (type B), both antigens (type AB), or neither antigen (type O). Everyone has either type A, B, AB, or O blood. When typing someone’s blood, two antigens are looked at: Antigens are substances that trigger the body’s immune response. People have different blood types based on antigens. If you need a blood transfusion, a blood sample is taken from you and tested the same way.Īll blood has the same parts, but not all blood is the same type. This is done when it’s taken from the donor and again in the hospital lab. See Possible risks of blood transfusion for more information on side effects.ĭonated blood is always tested to find out what type it is. This can cause a serious or even life-threatening transfusion reaction. If you get a transfusion with a blood type that doesn’t work with yours, your immune system might attack the donated blood. Testing and matching are important before someone gets a blood transfusion. Before you get a blood transfusion, tests must be done to make sure a donated blood product closely matches your blood type.
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